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My research focus in the past in the Cell Biology department was on growth factors called TGFβ and Hedgehog. TGFβ is a protein that regulates numerous critical processes, including inflammation, scarring (fibrosis) and embryonic development. It is produced in an inactive form that must be activated outside the cell so that it can exert its effects. I played a key role in showing that this activation step can be carried out by cell surface receptors called integrins and that this is likely the major mechanism for activating TGFβ. This mechanism has been a focus for drug development, though no drugs targeting this mechanism have yet been approved. Hedgehog is a protein that plays critical roles in development. I, with Dr Matthias Kugler, studied its roles in early lung development and its possible role in lung fibrosis.

My current research interest is in understanding Post-acute Sequelae of COVID-19. I am part of our clinical research program studying this disorder.